This article provides information on urinary incontinence in children according to the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Clinical Knowledge Summaries (CKS). It covers the assessment, diagnosis, and management of this condition in children.
Urinary incontinence in children is a common condition that can have a significant impact on a child's quality of life. It is defined as the involuntary leakage of urine, and can be classified into two main types: daytime wetting (diurnal) and nighttime wetting (nocturnal enuresis). Diurnal incontinence refers to the involuntary leakage of urine during the day, while nocturnal enuresis refers to bedwetting at night.
Assessment of urinary incontinence in children involves taking a detailed history, including the child's age, symptoms, and any underlying medical conditions. It is important to determine the frequency and severity of the incontinence, as well as any associated symptoms such as urgency, frequency, or pain with urination. A physical examination may also be necessary to assess for any signs of infection or anatomical abnormalities.
Diagnosis of urinary incontinence in children is based on the clinical history and examination findings. Additional investigations may be required in some cases, such as urine tests to rule out infection, bladder function tests to assess bladder capacity and function, or imaging studies to evaluate the urinary tract for any structural abnormalities.
Management of urinary incontinence in children is tailored to the underlying cause of the condition. Behavioral therapies, such as bladder training, scheduled voiding, and pelvic floor exercises, are often the first line of treatment. In some cases, medication may be prescribed to help control the symptoms of incontinence. Surgical interventions may be necessary in rare cases where conservative measures have been unsuccessful.
It is important to involve the child and their family in the management of urinary incontinence, as compliance with treatment plans is essential for successful outcomes. Education about the condition, monitoring of symptoms, and regular follow-up with healthcare providers are key components of managing urinary incontinence in children.
In conclusion, urinary incontinence in children is a common condition that can have a significant impact on a child's quality of life. Assessment, diagnosis, and management of this condition should be comprehensive and tailored to the individual child. By working closely with healthcare providers and following treatment plans, children with urinary incontinence can lead happy and healthy lives.
